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bigoil443's InsaneJournal:
- Flowline Break, 1961: A pipeline burst in winter, spraying crude oil 2,000 feet; oil from the spill reached the Swanson River. The extent of the leak was not discovered until the spring thaw.
- Flowline Break, 1969: A pipeline lying just 40 feet from the Swanson River burst, spraying crude oil over the frozen water.
- Compressor Plant Explosion, 1972: A compressor plant explosion released polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) into the wildlife refuge contaminating more than 100,000 tons of soil. The contamination was not discovered until 14 years later.
- Gas Blow Out, 1986:- Surface venting of gas, in several locations around a well, required a "Hot Shot" crew from Texas to bring it under control - 13 days after discovery.
- Pipe and Supply Yard Xylene Contamination, 1988: Xylene and other volatile organic compounds were discovered in soil and groundwater samples, in concentrations ten times EPA health standards. The groundwater at the site is still contaminated, even after a decade of remediation.
- Flare Stacks and Tank Settings Contamination, 1989: An Environmental Site Investigation was ordered after the discovery of hydrocarbon contamination around flare stacks. The investigation revealed contaminated soils and groundwater at the electric shop, a mud disposal well pad, and all seven tank settings and associated flare stacks.
- Flowline Leak, 1991: A pipeline leaked 5,630 gallons of crude oil and produced water, contaminating soils near a road right-of-way.
- Flowline Break, 1994: A corroded pipeline released 2,000 gallons of crude oil into the wildlife refuge.
- Flowline Break, 1995: A 400 gallon spill was discovered during a routine inspection just 100 feet away from the Swanson River.
- Flowline Break, 1999: A recreational snowmobiler discovered the largest spill ever reported on the wildlife refuge. More than 200,000 gallons of crude oil and produced water were released on the refuge.
- Underground Pipeline Leak, 1999: 8,600 gallons of produced water percolated up into wildlife habitat. More than 1,600 gallons reached the Swanson River.
- Flowline Break, 2002: More than 350 gallons of crude oil and produced water spilled just ¼ mile from the Swanson River.
- Crude Oil: Exposure to crude oil causes kidney failure, liver failure, altered blood chemistry, reproductive impairment, lung damage, and nervous system damage in birds and wildlife. Crude oil destroys the insulating capacity of feathers and fur. In the brutally cold temperatures of Alaska, birds and wildlife that come into contact with spilled oil usually freeze and die.
- Produced Water: Drawing oil and natural gas from the earth also extracts water from deep in the ground. Because this "produced" water has been in contact with petroleum sources and other minerals it contains hydrocarbons, salty brine and elevated concentrations of barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, nickel, silver and zinc, and small amounts of natural radioactive metals. While the concentrations of some of these substances are small, the amounts of produced water released in spills can be enormous, posing a serious environmental threat.
- Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs): PCBs are thought to cause mutations, cancers, birth defects, endocrine disruptions, still births, nervous disorders, and liver disease. PCBs are ranked as one of the most hazardous compounds (worst 10%) to ecosystems and human health.
- Benzene: A recognized carcinogen and developmental toxicant thought to cause mutations, cancers and birth defects. Benzene is ranked as one of the most hazardous compounds (worst 10%) to ecosystems and human health.
- Xylene: Exposure to xylene can cause headaches, dizziness, lack of coordination, skin irritations, and breathing problems. Animal studies indicate that exposure to high xylene concentrations may cause delayed growth and development in unborn young.
| Wednesday, December 24th, 2008 | |
| 5:10 pm | Pipeline Spills in Wildlife Refuge ` The largest pipeline spill during the past five years was the 228,000 gallons of crude oil and toxic “produced water” spilled by Unocal in the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge in January 1999. The federal government does not regulate “gathering” lines (pipelines coming from wells) and wastewater pipelines in the rural oil and gas production fields in the refuge, which results in the high spill rates. Oil Drilling in an Alaskan Wildlife Refuge Leaves a Toxic Legacy of Oil Spills and Pollution. Oil drilling in the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge in Alaska has resulted in hundreds of spills, fires and explosions and has contaminated massive amounts of soil and groundwater with oil and other toxic substances that are known to cause mutations and birth defects in wildlife. According to recent federal studies, oil and gas activities have resulted in more than 350 spills, explosions and fires within the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge, releasing more than 270,000 gallons of oil, produced water, and other contaminants into refuge habitats. Oil and gas drilling on the wildlife refuge has contaminated more than 100,000 tons of soil with toxic chemicals. If that contaminated soil were placed in 20-pound bags, a row of those bags would stretch a line across the entire United States, from coast to coast, twice. In some areas of the refuge, groundwater has been contaminated at levels 10 times the legal limit established by the Environmental Protection Agency. For example, groundwater in one area of the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge is heavily polluted with xylene, a toxin that causes delayed growth and development in unborn animals. Wood frogs found in oil fields on the refuge have missing hind legs and feet, misshapen hind legs, clubfeet and missing eyes. The extent of the damage is just beginning to be revealed. A comprehensive investigation is needed to uncover the full environmental cost of oil and gas drilling in the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge. The Toxic Legacy of Oil Drilling in Alaska’s Kenai National Wildlife Refuge Originally established in 1941 by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt to protect the large population of moose on the Kenai Peninsula, the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge provides habitat for 200 species of birds and wildlife, including Bald Eagles, Trumpeter Swans, brown and black bear, caribou, and wolves. In 1957, oil was discovered on the refuge, and it was opened to oil and gas drilling. Since then, considerable oil and gas-related development has occurred in the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge, resulting in numerous oil and hazardous material spills. The industrialization of portions of this refuge has fragmented and degraded bird and wildlife habitats. Industrial oil development of the refuge has included: Nearly 200 wells within three oil and gas fields that total 30 square miles; 46 miles of oil and gas feeder pipelines across refuge lands outside of designated oil and gas fields; A 3,500 foot airstrip; 44 miles of roads; More than 60 individual well pads; Two solid waste disposal sites; Two active gravel pits; and Support facilities including high pressure compression and power generating systems, powerline and pipeline rights-of-way, tank settings and flare stacks, scrubbers, dehydration units, separators, thermal pacs and retention ponds. Major Spills Within the Swanson River Oil Field on Kenai RefugeIn a formal Contaminants Assessment of the Kenai Refuge completed in 2001, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service documented major oil spills and other contamination events at the Swanson River Oil Field. Because of poor reporting and poor records, little is known about the first two decades of oil drilling on the refuge. Further, the Fish and Wildlife Service reported in 1999 that, "refuge personnel detected (contamination) events during routine fly-overs and on-the-ground inspections that were not reported in a timely manner, if at all." The spills documented are only a fraction of what actually occurred on the ground. Spilled Oil and Other Contaminants Threaten Birds and Other WildlifeCrude oil and other toxic contaminants spilled by oil companies in Kenai National Wildlife Refuge threaten birds and wildlife with both lethal and sub-lethal effects. Crippling Frog Deformities Found in Oilfields Within the Kenai Refuge Warrant Further InvestigationIn the summer of 2000, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service contaminants specialists and refuge biologists found an abnormally high number of deformed frogs in the Kenai Refuge. According to a U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service draft report recently obtained through a request under the Freedom of Information Act, the number of abnormalities recorded was the largest number found in any of 43 wildlife refuges sampled nationwide. It also was the largest number of frog abnormalities ever reported in the State of Alaska. Preliminary data suggest that within the refuge, higher frog deformity occurred within the oil field areas. Frogs found in oil fields on the wildlife refuge have shown deformities such as missing hind legs and feet, misshapen hind legs, clubfeet and missing eyes. Sensitive to environmental changes and especially vulnerable to pollution, frogs and other amphibians like toads and salamanders have been declining worldwide for years, possibly serving as a warning about the spread of contaminants, disease and other problems. Toxic chemicals spilled as a result of oil operations are a suspected cause of the frog deformities on Kenai Refuge. Toxic chemicals spilled in the wildlife refuge by oil companies include polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), anti-freeze, solvents, diesel fuel, triethylene glycol, benzene, and xylene. According to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, PCBs are thought to cause mutations, cancers, birth defects, still births, and liver disease. Because the oilfields on the Kenai Refuge have a long history of contamination, further investigation is necessary to determine the role of toxic contaminants, and by extension the role of oil and gas development, in causing the frog deformities. ~Sustainable Technology TRAINING for WOMEN http://sarahteach.livejournal.com/2 http://vegcar.livejournal.com http://www.electric-cars-are-for-gi http://www.electric-cars-are-for-gi book: Unlocking the Secrets to Living Your Dreams; by Jack Canfield book: Positive Imaging, The Powerful Way to Change Your Life; by Norman Vincent Peale SolFocus Aims to Beat Coal with Solar Concentrators http://air302.livejournal.com SOLAR Heated SWIMMING POOL, Spa, Hot Tub http://www.fafco.com http://www.solargenix.com http://www.canadiansolartechnologie ` HEATPUMP Heated SWIMMING POOL, Spa, Hot Tub http://heatpump301.livejournal.com Eat LOCAL Organc Foods save energy http://www.localharvest.org http://www.organicconsumers.org http://www.greenpeople.org http://www.eatwellguide.org http://attra.ncat.org/attra-pub/localfo http://www.biodynamics.com http://www.coopamerica.org http://www.localsustainability.net http://livabilityproject.org http://www.sustainabletable.org http://foodchoice.livejournal.com http://www.startnow.org http://www.harvestcanada.com Proverb: Good Food is Good Medicine. <> Garbage in, garbage out. 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The military claims the Wind Farms are a threat to national security. Maybe the Wind Farms are a threat to Big Oil and Big Coal? HOW STUPID ARE AMERICANS? http://pickensplan101.livejournal.c FOSSIL FUEL ECONOMIC DISASTER http://ovl.indymedia.org/news/2008/06/2 http://argentina.indymedia.org/news/200 ~ book: Tyranny of Oil; by Antonia Juhasz book: Halliburton Agenda - The Politics of Oil and Moneyl; by Dan Briody book: Cronies - Oil, the Bushes, and the Rise of Texas; by Dan Briody book: Confessions of an Economic Hit Man; by John Perkins book: Economic Gangsters; Ray Fisman book: Sound Truth and Corporate Myth - The Legacy of the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill; by Riki Ott book: Poisoned Wells - The Dirty Politics Of African Oil; by Leandre Poisson book: Justice Under Siege; by Eva Joly book: Texas Oil and the New Deal; by Steve Isser book: Corruption In Iraq & World; by Vance Jochim book: Teapot Dome Scandal: How Big Oil Bought the Harding White House and Tried to Steal the Country; by Laton Mccartney book: Untapped - The Scramble for Africa's Oil; by John Ghazvinian book: Eating Fossil Fuel - Oil, Food and the Coming Crisis in Agriculture; by Dale Allen Pfeiffe book: Blood and Oil; by Michael Klare book: Backstabbing for Beginners; by Michael Soussan book: A Culture of Corruption; by Daniel Jordan Smith book: THE RISE, CORRUPTION AND COMING FALL OF THE HOUSE OF SAUD; by Said K. Aburish book: Greed and corruption in the Caspian; by Derek Brower book: Corporate Corruption - The Abuse of Power; by Marshall B. Clinard report: All the Presidents’ Men - The Devastating Story of Oil and Banking in Angola’s Privatised War; by Global Witness book: Curse of the Black Gold - 50 Years of Oil in the Niger Delta; by Michael Watts book: Crude - The Story of Oil; by Sonia Shah book: Where Vultures Feast: Shell, Human Rights and Oil; by Ike Okonta book: The Prize - The Epic Quest for Oil, Money & Power; by Daniel Yergin book: A Game as Old as Empire - The Secret World of Economic Hit Men and the Web of Global Corruption; by Steven Hiatt book: Blood Bankers; by James S. Henry book: Grand Theft Pentagon - Tales of Corruption and Profiteering in the War on Terror; by Jeffrey St. Clair book: Oil and the Glory - The Pursuit of Empire and Fortune on the Caspian Sea; by Steve LeVine book: Indonesian Production Sharing Contract, an investor's perspective; by T. N. Machmud book: Grand corruption in the regulation of oil; by Tina Soreide book: Oil on the Brain; by Lisa Margonelli book: Many Faces of Corruption; by J. Edgardo Campos http://www.thebushagenda.net Pure, clean air is the invisible staff of life. Smog is the invisible staff of death. book: Super Power Breathing for Super Energy and Longevity; by Patricia Bragg Does Big OIL or Big COAL have a Body BAG with your CHILD'S Name on it? http://vegcar.livejournal.com/24663.htm http://air301.livejournal.com http://air309.livejournal.com book: Big Coal, The Dirty Secret; by Jeff Goodell OIL - GAS REFINERIES = DIRTY AIR & DEATH http://www.refineryreform.org GENERAL MOTORS and the NAZIS War Profits at any cost - Auschwitz - Death Camps - Slave Labor Is there any difference between the Neo Nazis and the American Neo Conservatives? ARE YOU DRIVING A GM HITLER CAR? DVD: Who Killed the Electric Car? http://www.amazon.com/Who-Killed-Electr http://vegcar.livejournal.com/24209.htm book: Internal Combustion; by Edwin Black http://www.internalcombustionbook.c WHY DID GENERAL MOTORS DESTROY ELECTRIC CARS http://www.saveev1.org http://www.dontcrush.com NAZIS in the AMERICAN MILITARY Defense Fund for Freedom from the Extremist - please donate. Keep the Nuts away from the Nukes - Book of Revelation. George Bush and the End of the World Death Cult society of america - KKK http://bigoil600036.insanejournal.c http://www.militaryreligiousfreedom.o CRIMES AGAINST NATURE DICK CHENEY Made Millions with SADDAM HUSSEIN Enemies of Democracy http://bigoil431.insanejournal.com SHOCKING CORRUPTION by BIG OIL http://bigoil101.insanejournal.com DO WE HAVE TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION? Are your politicians taking Bribes - campaign contributions - from Big Oil and the Drug Companies? Is your Congressman a Drug Pusher for the Pharmaceutical Companies? Halt the incestuous relationship of sleazy politicians in bed with Big Oil. CAMPAIGN FINANCE INFORMATION CENTER Where does the money come from? http://www.campaignfinance.org/stat CENTER FOR PUBLIC INTEGRITY stop the Fat Cats from BRIBING your politicians http://www.publicintegrity.org DVD: Capitol Crimes by Bill Moyers The fall of super-lobbyist Jack Abramoff has exposed what may be one of the biggest political scandals in America's history. What does the dizzying scope of corruption say about how laws are made and who really owns the U.S. government? Bill Moyers and his team of investigative journalists untangle the web of relationships, secret deals, and political manipulation to open a disturbing window on the dark side of American politics. stop ELECTION FRAUD, support Honest elections. www.blackboxvoting.org www.verifiedvoting.org www.votevets.org mediamatters.org www.investigatethevote.org www.votersunite.org www.citizensact.org www.solarbus.org/election/cd/test/videos.h www.sourcewatch.org/index.php state info: http://victorygard379b.insanejournal.co DVD: Uncounted; Director: David Earnhardt DVD: Hacking Democracy; Director: Simon Ardizzone book: What Went Wrong In Ohio; by Congressman John Conyers book: What Happened in Ohio; by Bob Fitrakis VOTE SOLAR http://votesolar.org http://votesolar.livejournal.com http://www.seia.org http://solarstate2.livejournal.com IS GOD GREEN book: Care of Creation; by R. J. Berry book: Serve God, Save the Planet; by J. Matthew Sleeth book: Our Father's World; by Edward R Brown book: Redeeming Creation; by Fred Van Dyke book: Earth-Wise; by Calvin B. Dewitt book: Caring for Creation; Edited by Sarah Tillett book: A Moral Climate, the Ethics of Global Warming; by Michael S. Northcott book: For the Beauty of the Earth; by Steven Bouma-Prediger book: Saving God's Green Earth; by Tri Robinson book: God Is Green; by Ian Bradley book: God in Creation; by Jurgen Moltmann journal: Creation Care Magazine http://www.creationcare.org Keepers of the Earth. IS GOD GREEN? http://solarafrica307.livejournal.c `  ~ POLLUTION and RACISM, INJUSTICE book: Confronting Environmental Racism; by Robert Bullard book: Environmental Injustices; by David Camacho book: Environmentalism and Economic Justice; by Laura Pulido book: Pollution and the Death of Man; by Francis Schaeffer book: From the Ground Up, Environmental Racism; by Luke Cole book: Struggle for Ecological Democracy; by Daniel Faber book: No Safe Place, Toxic Waste and Community Action; by Phil Brown Bush slams Christians, Bunch of NUTS http://bigoil600037.insanejournal.c book: Tempting Faith: An Inside Story of Political Seduction; author: David Kuo Republican Child Molesters and Pedophiles http://bigoil600039.insanejournal.c Homosexuals for Republicans & George Bush http://bigoil600038.insanejournal.c WINE INDUSTRY ANNIHILATED by GLOBAL WARMING http://www.ukfreepages.co.uk/publish/pa Global Warming Destroys Maple Sugar Industry STOP CLIMATE CHAOS and the DESTRUCTION of the POOR http://www.itdg.org/?id=stopclimatechao http://campaigncc.org http://stopclimatechaos.org BIG OIL MAIN PAGE http://bigoil101.insanejournal.com GENERAL LINKS http://vegcar.livejournal.com/25537.htm ~ Proverb: A good person leaves an inheritance to their children’s children. What kind of inheritance are you leaving? ~  ` book: Miracle of Tithing; by Mark Victor Hansen http://tithing101.livejournal.com book: You Can If You Think You Can; by Norman Vincent Peale You never really lose until you quit trying. Mike Ditka NFL Football Coach DVD: Facing the Giants; director: Alex Kendrick BOLD SPIRIT http://bolderspirit.livejournal.com ~ I CAN DO (be) all things thru God who strengthens me. ~ Where there is no way, God can make a way. ~ With God all things are possible. ~ Whatever things you so desire, when you pray, believe that you receive them, and you shall have them. ~ The everlasting God, the Lord, the Creator of the ends of the earth, neither faints nor is weary. He gives power to the weak. To those who have no might, He increases their strength. To those who wait on the Lord, He shall Renew their strength. They shall mount up with wings like eagles. They shall run and not be weary. They shall walk and not faint. ~ ~ book: Unlocking the Secrets to Living Your Dreams; by Jack Canfield book: Amazing Results of Positive Thinking; by Norman Vincent Peale book: Miracle of Fasting, for Physical, Mental and Spiritual Rejuvenation; by Patricia Bragg book: Fasting Can Save Your Life; by Doctor Herbert Shelton book: Super Power Breathing for Super Energy and Longevity; by Patricia Bragg book: Coconut Cures; by Bruce Fife book: Healing Power for the Heart; by Robert Abel http://adhd101.livejournal.com http://organic4school.livejournal.c http://em202.livejournal.com your HEALTH (Wholeness) is your WEALTH ~ book: Rwanda, The Land God Forgot; by Meg Guillebaud DVD: In Lies We Trust; director: Dr. Leonard George Horowitz ~ Those who bring sunshine into the lives of others, cannot keep it from themselves. Choose to BE A WINNER. Be a bringer of the LIGHT. `  Earth Praise God. Be Thankful. Give God the Glory. |